Maryland Tree Expert Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• Which mechanism creates a pull that moves water up through the xylem as leaves lose water?
• Which practice best promotes wound healing after pruning?
• Which growth process is driven by apical meristems?
• Which statement best describes xylem functions?
• Which pigments are always present in leaves and become visible when chlorophyll breaks down in autumn?
• What is the outer covering of tree branches and stems called?
• Fungi helps the roots by which function?
• A bud is best defined as which of the following?
• In comparing phloem and xylem, which statement best describes phloem function?
• A complete flower contains which of the following?
• Buds occur along the twig at which locations?
• In risk assessment, which two elements are multiplied to estimate risk?
• What filamentous structures produced by fungi enable roots to forage for nutrients more effectively than roots alone?
• Water and essential elements are absorbed from soil by which structure?
• Which statement about the cambium’s role in diameter growth is accurate?
• Excurrent trees are characterized by which growth pattern?
• When moving firewood, which precaution is recommended?
• A DNR permit is required for which activity?
• What is the primary purpose of establishing a tree protection zone during nearby construction?
• Define cambium and its role in tree growth.
• Which of the following is NOT one of the three main parts of a tree?
• What are the components of an effective tree felling cut sequence?
• Nodes on a twig are defined as the points where what attaches?
• Which structure is the male reproductive organ of a flower?
• Which pests are commonly spread by firewood movement?
• Which weather conditions are generally favorable to minimize drift during urban tree pesticide applications?
• What is the primary function of xylem in trees?
• In sapwood, the pathways for food movement to and from the phloem are called?
• Where are seeds produced in angiosperms?
• Distinguish crown thinning from crown reduction and give examples of when to apply each.
• How should a competitive bid for tree removal be calculated?
• What is the three-cut method used to remove large limbs?
• Which statement is true about soil pH and nutrient availability?
• What is the preferred method for pruning cuts to promote wound closure?
• Term for roots living in symbiotic relationships with fungus?
• The area between two consecutive nodes on a twig is called what?
• Decurrent trees are described as having which characteristics?
• Who is responsible for repairing any damage caused by the contractor during tree work?
• Which structure provides the main structural support and upward transport from the roots?
• Why should mulch be kept away from the trunk when applying mulch around trees?
• How is annual growth commonly measured on a twig?
• A small opening in bark that allows gas exchange is called?
• How should girdling roots be addressed in transplanting and mature trees?
• When preparing a bid for tree removal, which elements are typically considered?
• Which tissue transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves?
• Which option is NOT a sign of Emerald Ash Borer infestation?
• Which statement best describes the benefit of understanding basic tree biology for field work?
• Which statement about the order of the three-cut method is accurate?
• In the context of root protection, which statement is true about mycorrhizal associations?
• Which buds may be inhibited by the active growth of terminal buds?
• Which factors affect the rate of transpiration in a tree?
• When pruning, branches shall be cut back to a live lateral at least what fraction of the severed branch diameter?
• What is the radius of the critical root zone around a tree for every inch of its diameter at breast height?
• The portion that may comprise 1/3 to 1/2 the entire volume of a tree is which part?
• For a lag screw, the pilot hole should be how in relation to the lag diameter?
• Which anatomical feature marks the junction where a branch attaches to the trunk?
• What depth of mulch around tree trunks is recommended?
• Which of the following is a function of bark?
• Which term describes trees that hold their leaves for more than one year?
• Which soil condition generally supports better nutrient uptake for many tree nutrients?
• Which term refers to the loss of water in the form of water vapor from a plant?
• Which statement about arborist safety standards is accurate in the United States?
• Which growth habit is associated with excurrent trees?
• Root functions include which of the following?
• What is a through brace in tree support?
• Which of the following are parts of a flower?
• Climbing hooks or spurs are permitted under what condition?
• What is photosynthesis?
• Which part of the tree provides main structural support and transports water up from the roots?
• In leaf physiology, which process is a function of leaves in addition to photosynthesis and transpiration?
• Under Maryland self-help, what is permissible for a landowner?
• Which term best describes the relationship between trees and mycorrhizal fungi?
• Terminal bud scale scars on a twig indicate what?
• Why designate no-dig zones around trees in construction projects?
• Which of the following is a classic sign of Emerald Ash Borer infestation?
• What practices best minimize pesticide drift during urban tree applications?
• What term describes the visible annual growth in wood due to xylem production?
• In the photosynthesis equation, which gas is released as a product?
• What are the primary leaf functions?
• What is the guidance on painting pruning cuts?
• What are important considerations when selecting rigging hardware for a heavy-limb removal?
• When rigging heavy limbs, what is essential for safety and effectiveness?
• Which combination of features tends to reduce transpiration?
• A tree expert is not needed for which activities?
• What soil moisture level supports healthy root growth without promoting disease?
• What term describes wood that is altered to counteract a lean in a tree?
• How long must the Maryland Tree Expert keep records?
• What is stump grinding and when is it performed?
• Marks left on a twig by fallen terminal bud scales are called?
• Which of the following is NOT a function of roots?
• The cambium is a thin layer of dividing cells that produces vascular tissue. Which tissues are produced by the cambium?
• What insurance coverage is typically expected for a commercial tree care operation?
• Which term describes trees that lose their leaves every year?
• Which statement is NOT a function described for mycorrhizal associations?
• Which of the following indicate potential internal decay after a storm?
• What is the purpose of a directional notch in felling?
• In flowering plants, which structures are the male and female reproductive organs respectively?
• How do reflective surfaces in urban environments affect tree health?
• What is the minimum percentage of sound wood required for installing through braces?
• Why is basic tree biology essential for diagnosing issues in the field?
• Tree cell division occurs in which tissue type?
• What organism forms a symbiotic relationship with tree roots to increase the tree's uptake of water and essential elements?
• Which site conditions most commonly limit root respiration in urban landscapes?
• What is a major purpose of protective fencing during construction near trees?
• Which process uses light energy to drive chemical reactions in leaves?
• After a hazard tree evaluation, which actions are typically included in the mitigation planning?
• Why is the tree root flare important in planting and aftercare?
• How thick should mulch be applied around a tree to benefit roots?
• Which statement best defines a tree expert?
• When selecting species for a site, what factors influence long-term hazard reduction?
• What is the recommended disposal method for organic wood waste from tree work?
• Where are apical meristems located?
• Which tissue carries water and nutrients up from roots to the rest of the tree?
• Which tissue carries sugar from leaves to the rest of the tree?
• If a tree trimmed during work dies within one year of the work, what action is required?
• How does soil pH influence nutrient uptake in trees?
• Xylem is also called which term?
• Which statement about mycorrhizal associations is true regarding root tips?
• What is the consequence of burying the root flare during planting?
• Which statement best describes typical liability coverage for a commercial tree care operation?
• Small stems that provide support for leaves, flowers, and fruit are called what?
• What is the purpose of a tree risk assessment rating system?
• Water deficits can cause which of the following?
• What practice helps prevent future girdling in transplanted or mature trees?
• Which activity requires a DNR permit?
• What is the most common kickback hazard with chain saw use and how can it be prevented?
• When pruning cuts are made, which feature must be preserved?
• Define crown thinning and crown reduction, and when each is appropriate.
• Which law was passed in 1914 to protect trees near roadways and utility facilities?
• Why should the root flare be visible above soil after planting?
• Wood chips from roadside removal may be broadcast on a right of way except in ditches, waterways, turf, or surfaced areas, and may not exceed how many inches in thickness?
• About 95% of water absorbed by a tree is transpired through which part?
• Which statement best describes pruning for health versus aesthetics?
• What are the typical steps in conducting a hazard tree evaluation?
• What are key indicators of structural defects that may lead to failure?
• ANSI Z133 Safety Standards for Arboricultural Operations specify safety requirements for which field?
• What is the reproductive unit of the tree?
• Name two common micronutrient deficiency symptoms in trees.
• Why is it important to avoid removing too much leaf area at once when pruning?
• LTE is an acronym for which term?
• The dark inner wood that provides support is called?
• The Maryland Tree Expert Law was adopted in what year?
• In tree bracing, where can through braces be installed?
• What licensing and regulatory requirements govern pesticide applications by Maryland arborists?
• Which process uses chemical energy to power all of a tree's biological functions?
• The inner dark wood that provides structural support is called?
• How does soil organic matter influence cation exchange capacity (CEC)?
• Which practice helps protect tree roots during construction without delaying the project?
• Which term describes the slender filaments that extend into the soil to increase surface area for nutrient absorption?
• In a through brace installation, what is used at both ends to secure the brace?
• Which tissue is responsible for secondary growth in diameter by producing new vascular tissue?
• How do urban microclimates affect tree health?
• For threaded steel rods or eye bolts, the pilot hole should be relative to the hardware?
• Which group has seeds not enclosed in an ovary?
• In a mycorrhizal association, what do fungi obtain from plant roots?
• For a tree with 4 inches DBH, the critical root zone radius is how many feet?
• Which factor best supports climate compatibility when selecting trees for hazard reduction?
• What is photosynthate?
• Which organism forms the fungal partner in a mycorrhizal association with tree roots?
• Which cut is used to guide the tree's fall in a proper felling sequence?
• What tools and equipment are essential for safe tree rigging?
• Which activities require Maryland Tree Expert licensure?
• The tissue at the junction of a branch to stem is called?
• In tree architecture, which structure primarily supports twigs?
• Which structure is the female reproductive organ of a flower?
• Fall color occurs because:
• What is the main carbohydrate produced during photosynthesis?
• Rays are channels of cells where water, nutrients and carbohydrates move laterally. What term describes these channels?
• Radial transport refers to which movement?
• Which of the following lists three signs of root disease in trees?
• The annual production of xylem by cambium is called?
• In the photosynthesis equation, how many carbon dioxide molecules are used?
• What is a commonly recommended maximum percentage of foliage removal in a single pruning event?
• Which sequence correctly describes safe steps for storm-damaged trees?
• Trees are described as having three parts. Which set correctly lists these parts?
• When root pruning or trenching around a roadside tree, what is the maximum amount of root that may be cut without approval?
• Fertilizer burn is associated with which condition?
• For an 8-inch DBH tree, the critical root zone radius is how many feet?
• Which term denotes the horizontal movement of substances within the xylem via ray cells?
• Secondary (diameter) growth in trees is produced by which tissue?
• The outer, living portion of the xylem that conducts water is called?
• A diffuse crown is a characteristic of which tree type?
• Which group of plants has seeds enclosed in an ovary?
• Which law focuses on protecting trees along roadways and utility facilities?
• Which pigment produces yellows, oranges, and reds during fall season?
• How should pruning cuts be made near the branch collar?
• What PPE practices are essential to minimize exposure during pesticide applications on trees?
• Under Maryland self-help, what is allowed regarding encroaching limbs?
• Which nozzle type helps reduce drift during pesticide applications?
• What do mycorrhizal fungi release that helps break down substances trees can't use without help?
• Which pigment produces red and purple colors in fall?
• Which option does NOT indicate removal of a tree rather than preservation?
• What soil management technique improves root oxygen and drainage for trees in compacted urban soils?